"The Doll House" is a play by Henrik Ibsen (published in 1879) which depicts the home life of Nora, wife of Torvald Helmer and mother of their three children. The whole play must be read for comprehension's sake; below appears but an excerpt from "Act Three" to give a flavor of the play's issues.

NORA: If I'm ever to reach any understanding of myself and the things around me, I must learn to stand alone. That's why I can't stay here with you any longer . . .

HELMER: And leave your home, your husband and your children. Don't you care what people will say?

NORA: That's no concern of mine. All I know is that this is necessary for me.

HELMER: This is outrageous! You are betraying your most sacred duty.

NORA: And what do you consider to be my most sacred duty?

HELMER: Does it take me to tell you that? Isn't it your duty to your husband and your children?

NORA: I have another duty equally sacred.

HELMER: You have not. What duty might that be?

NORA: My duty to myself.

HELMER: First and foremost, you are a wife and mother.

NORA: That I don't believe any more. I believe that first and foremost I am an individual, just as much as you are, or at least I'm going to try to be. I know most people agree with you, Torvald, and that's also what it says in books. But I'm not content any more with what most people say, or with what it says in books. I have to think things out for myself, and get things clear.


What is the conflict of duty suggested in the above dialogue? Explain. Might such a conflict exist today? If you think so, describe the circumstances. If not, why not?

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